An integrated circuit (also known as IC, microcircuit, microchip, silicon chip, or chip) is a miniaturized electronic circuit manufactured in a thin layer of semiconductor material.
The technology to make electronic circuits this way was developed in the 1960s. Since then, the capacity and speed of these circuits has grown enormously, and yet the cost and physical size has gone down. This combination has been the driving force behind dramatic growth of the computer and communications industries.
An integrated defense system typically combines two or more of weapons and aircraft, intelligence and surveillance systems, and communications and IT. These systems are usually provided by large scale prime contractors, such as Boeing, Lockheed Martin or BAE Systems.
Integration Definition for Functional Modelling (IDEF) is a family of modelling languages used in systems and software engineering. The family covers a range of uses from function modelling to information, simulation, object-oriented analysis and design and knowledge acquisition.
Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind. Intellectual property regulations seek to protect the value of these creations. There are two main parts to intellectual property regulations:
- Patents address inventions, trademarks, industrial designs, and geographic indications of source.
- Copyright addresses literary and artistic works such as novels, poems and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures.
Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) is a company which operates in the arena of regulated global futures exchanges and over-the-counter (OTC) markets for agricultural, energy, equity index and currency contracts, as well as credit derivatives. It provides clearing, market data and risk management services. It is one of the largest futures and options exchanges in the world. It operates the former International Petroleum Exchange as ICE Futures.
Intermodalism is the coordinated use of multiple modes of transport (i.e. road, rail, ship, air) to move containerized freight from source to destination.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an intergovernmental organization which acts as energy policy advisor to 28 countries including the US, the UK, Canada, S. Korea, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and many European countries. It structures its role into three areas: energy security, economic development and environmental protection.
An international (or integrated) oil & gas company spans exploration and production, transportation, refining, and marketing. This is essentially everything – starting with exploration, leading to the point of use of oil and gas.
The International Petroleum Exchange is now known as ICE Futures by virtue of its acquisition in 2001 by ICE. It was one of the world’s largest futures and options exchanges.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is:
(1) the set of all devices (but excluding traditional computer systems) which are connected to the Internet,
(2) the technology which enables advanced interconnectivity of ‘smart’ devices to the Internet and each other.
The scope of the IoT ranges from fridges that send messages to your smartphone when you run out of milk, to factory machines that can ‘talk’ to each other, follow instructions from computer systems, and run entire production process with virtually no human input.
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) identifies a device connected to the Internet. There are two formats – the widely used version 4 (IPv4) and the newer version 6 (IPv6). Both are numerical labels which are used by network connection electronics to enable communication between devices, even though many devices are sharing the same cables and other communication links.
Interoperability is the capability of two or more systems (especially computer systems) to work together.
An intranet is a computer network for use only by people and systems within an organization.